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SUMMARIES

 

Forming of potential positive self-image as means to regulate preschoolers' behavior

S.G. Jacobson, T.I. Feshchenko

Two methods of influencing the child's behavior by means of altering the contents of different components of his self-image are discussed. One of them is creating the child's negative attitude to his real self on the grounds of his specific behavior. The other one is including the idea of being able to perform certain acts not inherent in the child into child's positive potential self. The first method was tested in numerous experiments on moral behavior forming. The data show that different forms of child's behavior can be influenced by both methods.

 

Motive transformation in context education theory

A.A. Verbitsky, N.A. Bakshaeva

The approaches to motivation sphere are generalized. Poli-semantics of motive and motivation notions is demonstrated. The problem of motives' transformation in students during education is discussed. Hypothesis of natural character of interrelation between learning and professional motives in students is formulated and experimentally proved.

 

On senior schoolchildren's readiness to oppose amoral actions

E.A. Savchenko

The readiness to oppose amoral actions is considered to be personal formation with complex structure. The content of structural components is shown, the criteria of readiness to oppose amoral actions are marked out. The recommendations for teachers are presented.

 

Special features of social norms' appropriation by children

of different genders

B.I. Khasan, Yu.A. Tyumeneva

The results of a study of junior and senior adolescents' attitude according to gender to social norms are presented. There are differences in their perception of object (learning) matter and varying degree of social norms' importance for boys and for girls. The necessity of adequate forms of existence according to gender and age is underlined.

 

Developing education in school practice

N.V. Repkina

 The results of a study in junior schoolchildren educated in accordance to (1) developing education programs after E'konin - Davydov, (2) traditional programs, and (3) L.V. Zankov's system are compared. The highest results (on 27 in-dices) were observed in the first group.

 

Psychological methods in speedy

mastering Russian spelling

B.Ts. Badmaev, B.I. Khoziev

Psychological method of speedy mastering Russian spelling is based on overcoming stereotypes formed by previous erroneous practice.

 

Psychological influencing women abandoning their newborn children

M.Yu. Kolpakova

The results of diagnostic study and of consulting in women with deviant behavior, psychic abnormalities, depressive and anxiety conditions are discussed. It is shown that spiritual-oriented dialogue is effective and often leads to the changes in previous decision to abandon newborn child.

 

Typical deviations in adolescents' psycho-social development

M.Yu. Kondrat'ev

There are three typical forms of activity deformations underlying adolescents' behavioural deviations: play for the sake of play, education for the sake of education and serious disbalance of intimate-personal contacts and educative-professional activity. It is shown that a teacher must not try to stop such deviations arbitrary. Correction program including joint activity organization aimed at perspective is more effective.

 

 

The meaning of text as the inner image

N.L. Muskhelishvili, Yu.A. Schreider

The theory of meaning after G. Frege defines meaning as an object reality. The difficulties of such an approach to semantics of the text are demonstrated. The authors offer to consider an image in consciousness serving as a shoot (an organizer) of begot text to be the meaning. This image induces verbal fragments in the consciousness; they beget meaningful text on the basis of naive logic. The perception of the text is connected to the emergence of an image producing a response in the form of text. Presented concept is illustrated by poetical, religious and scientific texts. The role of imaginative sphere in text begetting is underlined.

 

An experience of ethno-functional express-therapy of emotional and behavioral disturbances in children

A.V. Sukharev

The results of author's ethno-functional approach in express-psychotherapy to psychic disorders in children are discussed. The notion of ethno-cultural disontogenesis is presented; its therapeutic application can be instrumental in simptomatics modification.

 

Interpersonal connections, inner motivation and self-regulation

V.I. Chirkov

The author reviews motivation theories of Western psychologists, especially of American scientists E.L. Deci and R.M. Ryan.

 

Concerning methodological problems of modern psychology

E.D. Khomskaya

Methodological crisis in modern (especially Russian) psychology is discussed. The difficulties are more pronounced in the branches concerned with personality and consciousness problems. Varying methodological approaches - from vulgar materialism to manifest idealism - are demonstrated to exist in different fields: psychotherapy, "Christian" psychology, neuro-psychology of personality and consciousness. In is shown that during all methodological crises the main struggle has been centered on psychic determinism; the issue is equally actual nowadays. The author invites the scientists to argue their views on the matter.