SUMMARIES
System crisis in psychology
A.V. Yurevich
The main reasons and manifestations of contemporary crisis in psychology
are considered and systematized. The author shows that it is most evident due to
the absence of scientific unity. There is a gap between research and practical
applications and parascience's increasing rivalry. These phenomena arise from
general crises of rationalism, fundamental science and positive model of
cognition.
The influence of senior
preschoolers' intellect on educative efficacy
G.P. Antonova, Z.I. Ikunina,
I.P. Antonova, N.A. Antonova
The developmental levels of verbal and non-verbal intellect as compared
to the characteristics of analytic-synthetic activity in 6-year-olds were
experimentally investigated. The instructions were given in abstract (1 stage)
and in concrete-graphic (2 stage) forms. It was shown that (1) preschoolers'
analytic-synthetic activity was closely connected to their intellectual
characteristics and (2) educative efficacy is influenced not only by the
developmental level of intellectual and analytic-synthetic activity, but by
their components ratio.
On gender analysis usage in
psychological studies
N.K. Radina
Gender analysis contrary to traditional is based on holistic
socio-cultural matrix and allows to under-stand the reasons of gender
differences other than biological ones. The examples of gender analysis usage
on identity and self-appraisal development in senior preschoolers and junior
schoolchildren studies show their advantages in problem comprehension.
System differentiation
principle in ecological education
G.N. Karopa
The author employs classical notions of neuro-psychology and some
findings of psycholinguistics for the analyzing of ecological education
problems. Several practical recommendations are offered.
"Activity subject"
in creativity context
D.B. Bogoyavlenskaya
An approach to the notions of creativity and giftedness free of
giftedness interpretation as an explanatory principle is offered. An attempt to
represent their operational psychological content is made. Self-governed
development of activity not prompted by utilitary need (situative un-stimulated
productive activity) is considered to be a manifestation of real creativity.
Students-psychologists'
professional notions
A.I. Dontsov, G.M.
Belokrylova
The results of Moscow university students-psychologists' examination on
their professional notions and their dynamics during education are presented.
These notions are found to be formed on the border of scientific-psychological
and everyday practical cognition of human psychological nature and that of
society. As a result students' views are contradictory, eclectic,
stereotypical. Professional notions structure and functions are described.
Emotion categorization
empirical analysis
D.V. Lusin
Inner structure of the notion "emotion" in the framework of
prototypic approach is analyzed. The characteristics of productive frequency, prototypicity,
categorical dominance were studied on representative sample. The notion of
"emotion" has graduated inner structure and indistinct borders
substantiating prototypical approach.
Culture, emotions and
psychic health
A.B. Kholmogorova, N.G. Garanyan
The most important factor in the rise of the number of emotional
disturbances is considered to be negative attitude toward emotions and
rationalization characterizing modern culture. Multi-level psychological model
of depressive and somato-form disturbances, including cultural, family,
interpersonal and personal factors is offered. The cult of success, achievement
and strength leads to prohibition of feeling and negative emotions
manifestations combined with general rise of stressogenic circumstances. The
problems of emotional education in the family are discussed.
Human nature according to
A.Maslow concepts
A.A. Piskoppel
The concept of human being inner nature is the central core of A.
Maslow's humanistic psychology program. His spiritual testament - "Toward
a psychology of being" - contains two models, two views on human inner
nature. One of them represents it from the position of ethical naturalism as
inner quite individual and self-reliant factor of human full value. The other
approach considers human inner nature to be a result of specific vital
material's development beginning with the start of ontogenesis. The features of
the second model are analyzed and interpreted with the aid of
cultural-anthropological imprinting notion.
Humanism with a face of
cultural- anthropological prototype: Russian variant
A.B. Orlov
The author carries on a controversy with A.A. Piskoppel's understanding
of A. Maslow's concept of human being inner nature. The detailed critical
commentary on A.A. Piskoppel's publication is offered. The analysis of A.
Maslow's position and conceptual approaches shows some typical errors
(projections) committed by Russian (Soviet) psychology when it tries to cope
with American humanistic psychology. All efforts to "develop" A.
Maslow's "basic assumptions" in the direction of social (cultural)
behaviorism are cast doubt on.
A. Binet as one of the
founders of experimental psychology
A.A. Nikolskaya
The author describes scientific works of famous French psychologist and
their impact on contemporary and modern psychology.
Intonation skills
development due to complex audio and visual stimuli influence
V.P. Ryazansky, A.V. Kornev
The authors describe an apparatus enabling musical students to observe
visually if their performance is intonationally correct.
The main trends in studies
of creativeness in science and art
L.Ya. Dorfman, G.V. Kovaleva
The authors review contemporary investigations in the field of modern
foreign psychology of creativeness.