158
Mental self-regulation in voluntary activity
(structural-functional aspect)
The problem of mental
self-regulation in voluntary activity is considered to be one of the most
fundamental in psychological investigation of subject existence. The notion of
conscious self-regulation as whole demands the knowledge of its principal
structure as regulative informative process. Its generalized model is offered.
Psychological-pedagogical
monitoring in learning activity
V.R.Repkin, G.V. Repkina,
E.V.Zaika
The system of monitoring is offered as one of the
perspectives for the development of theory and practice in learning activity.
Its content, goals, means of implementation and perspectives are discussed.
Some examples of monitoring practical use are presented.
Group training of senior schoolchildren for their
social adaptation
A.L. Venger,
Yu.M.Desyatnikova
The experience of psychological
training of senior schoolchildren-emigrants from the former USSR to Israel is
described. The authors have worked out and tested the model of psychological
correction, combining group activity training and adolescent club contacts.
Undesirable pregnancy of
sexual violence victims (psychological-psychiatric aspect)
V.I.Brutman, S.N.Enikolopov,
M.S.Radionova
Social-psychological reasons and
psychological-psychiatric results of undesirable child bearing by sexual violence victims are analysed. The
authors mark out specific personal traits leading to their victimity. Motives
for the bearing of undesirable child, personal crisis formation features and
the motives for the abandoning of a newborn enfant are described. The role of
different kinds of
psychological defence and interrelations with parental family are
underlined. The strategies for social-psychological preventive measures in
victims' rehabilitation are discussed.
Concerning play training of schoolchildren for the development of thinking, imagination and memory
E.V.Zaika, N.P.Nazarova,
I.A.Marenich
Several articles by E.V.Zaika on
play training of thinking, memory, imagination, inner plan of actions have been
already published by «Voprosy Psychologii». Now some recommendations on
practical organization of such a training are offered.
On the comprehension of
mini-text: The importance of proverbs
O.V.Soboleva
The article presents one of the aspects in «School
textbook» programme aiming to the formation of a reader capable of successful
conversational and written communication. The author analyses psychological features
of the comprehension by schoolchildren of minimal literature text — a proverb.
The methods of comprehension investigating and the system of forming such
skills are described.
Cultural-historical development of mental
processes and the theory of stage formation of mental acts
V.N.Pavlenko
The author argues the
possibility of P.Gal'perin's theory of
stage formation of mental acts implementation to
cultural-historical development of mental processes. It is illustrated by the
example of counting process and purpose-forming. It is shown that in
culturegenesis as well as in ontogenesis it is possible to trace the
«rolling-up» of previously extensive object-activity forms, then their
transformation into verbal correlates and finally into inner mental processes.
159
Reflexive-innovative approach to management and
training of management personnel for business structures
S.Yu.Stepanov,
EJ.Varlamova
There are several traditional
methods of management — authoritarian, democratic, connivative. A new one —
reflexive-humanistic is offered. Working out and approbation of such an
original developmental educative program for management personnel training is
described.
Psychological aspects of
school ecology education
G.N.Karopa
The author shows psychological
mechanisms of forming responsible attitude towards nature. The ways of usage of these mechanisms by school
teachers are described.
Out of Russian
psychotherapy history: N.E.Osipov in Moscow and Prague
I.E.Sirotkina
The beginnings of Russian psychotherapy
and the role played in it by N.E.Osipov are outlined. On N.E.Osipov's example
it is shown that Russian psychotherapy was characterized by marked clinical
approach and was devoid of dogmatism thanks to humanistic traditions of
Korsakov psychiatric school which were inherited by it. The perception and
comprehension of psychoanalysis by the first Russian psychotherapeutists is
described.
Out of reminiscences
about G.I.Chelpanov
G.O.Gordon
Some recollections by
G.O.Gordon — pedagogue, philosopher, linguist — about the first years of
Psychological Institute and Russian psychologists and philosophers of the time
are presented.
Choice as activity: Its individual determinants
and possibilities of training
D.A.Leont'ev, N.V.Pilipko
The study deals with a problem
of choice. Preliminary analysis allows the authors to distinguish at least
three kinds of choice processes: (1) Single choice with both alternatives and
criteria given to the subject; (2) Sense-based choice with the alternatives
already given and criteria of choice still to be construed, and (3) Personal or
existentional choice with both alternatives and criteria to be construed in the
process. Two experiments performed by the authors provide some data on
personality variables connected to the ability to make more meaningful and
substantiated choices. The authors succeeded in elaboration of a training
procedure based on the understanding of choice process in terms of internal
activity that proved to be efficient in improving the main parameters of
sense-based choice.
Intelligence: The new
look
H.J.Eysenck
Recent work on the biological
basis of intelligence has forced psychologists to reconsider the definition and
conceptualization of «intelligence» widely accepted during the last fifty
years. Work with the electroencephalograph, the averaged evoked potential,
reaction time and other largely physiological and non-cognitive measures has
resurrected the conception of intelligence which originated with Sir Francis
Galton, and has posed great problems for the conceptualization beginning with
A.Binet, and still widely accepted.
A road to holisticity:
Human-centered therapy based on expressive arts
N.Rogers
The translation of a chapter
from «Creative connection», a new book by well-known American
psychotherapeutist N.Rogers is presented.