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Image structure
F. E. Vasilyuk
A. N. Leontiev's concept of consciousness is
applied to a new psychosemantic model of
consciousness image. The image is determined by object environment, cultural and
language context and by inner space of a personality. Each of these components
has its own representative inside of image, forming its structure. Every
component is characterized by specific sensoric
matter. Some clinic examples are presented showing psychodiagnostic
and psychotherapeutic possibilities of this model.
G. Dubov
Psychological approach is used for the study of mentality of large
groups of people: ethnos, social class, generation. The author presents
detailed definition of mentality differentiating it from «mass consciousness»
and «national character». Comparative analysis of sociological, philosophical,
historical and linguistic approaches to the notion of mentality is offered as
well as chronological review of the attempts to solve the problem. The
principal directions of experimental research in the field are outlined.
The formation of mediated solution in construction
problems by senior pre-schoolers
V. V. Brofman
The study is carried out corresponding to L. A. Venger's
concept of learning abilities development and deals with the optimization of
construction activity of 5-7-years old children. Some methods of «pattern» is used in «Development» program by L. A. Venger's Centre. The program of construction activity
development in gifted children is based on this method.
The usage of fairy-tale in pre-school education
N. Ya. Bolshunova
The problems arising from the changes in form and content of pre-school
education, for example, uncritical transfer of educational systems to different
socio-culturial environments are analyzed. The basic
notions of child community existence and development are discussed as the usage
of fairy-tale in it.
Aggressive fantasies in childhood and adolescence
S. A. Zavrazhin
Aggressive fantasies in childhood and adolescence and different
variations of this phenomenon are analyzed. Attention is paid to the theme of
violence in the fantasies of children in modem society, its genesis, content
and influence on real behavior.
The limits of psychological consultation
S. A. Kapustin
The limitations of psychologist's abilities when rendering consultative
help are discussed. Specific personal problems emerging in consultative
situation are described and their role, though outside consultant's competence,
but determining psychological help effectiveness is shown.
Content-analysis of lonely hearts advertisements
(self-presentation and
requirements to a partner)
B. P. Krasovsky
Sex-differences in self-presentation are analyzed. Physical
attractiveness, physique, role expectations in marriage choice are considered. The analyzed data are extracted from Russian
newspapers. A comparison of marital preference by men and women is presented.
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Characteristics of radiation risk perception by
professionals in atomic energetics and by
non-professionals
M. V. Kroz, S. A.T. Lipatov, Î.V. Chinkina
Comparative analysis of two studies data on the perception of atomic energetics by different populations is presented. Estimations
of radiation risk by the operators of
Perception of taboo towards nature by human beings
A. I. Ryzhikov
The concept of "forbidden" in human psyche is inborn and
normally realizes itself in the preservation of certain territories, natural
complexes, which remain untouched as a result of inner psychological needs.
Pagan worship of natural forces represents fantastic explanation of human perception
of "forbidden" objects. Modem monotheistic religions and jurisdiction
do not guarantee against pollution of existing "forbidden"
territories. Return of human society to paganism being impossible, it is
necessary to use science and culture to save nature and wild life.
V.I. Kochnev
Extra-extra-aim is essential notion of K. S. Stanislavsky's system, connecting actor's professional and private life. It plays initiating and commanding roles in the creation of scenic image. The presence of extra-extra-aim is necessary condition for normal creative process on stage. The efficiency of extra-extra-aim transformation in motives' hierarchy is connected to some personal characteristics presenting one of the levels of actor's abilities.
Text comprehension: human and cosmic problems
G. G. Granik, O. V. Soboleva
The authors suggest that comprehension as any creative process is
influenced by cosmic thought. On the other hand when a reader works with the text,
his thoughts go to space enriching it with positive energy. So the round of
thought emerges: from cosmos — to the author of the text — to the reader — to
cosmos again. These views are based on E. I. Rerikh's
concept of "Live Ethics" and use the data from the knowledge about
texts.
To the 100th anniversary of S. V. Kravkov
S. V. Kravkov is well-known Russian scientist
— psychologist and physiologist, who played important role in the development of
new scientific field — physiological optics. Some materials ranging from
personal memories to the attempt of scientific analysis of Kravkov's
works are presented.
Personal values and personal preferences of a person
G. L. Budinaite, T. V. Kornilova
The hypothesis of personal values development as a result of dynamics of
sense formations' comprehension is discussed. Claster-analysis
of personal preferable notions connected to the concept of creative personality
is applied for the evaluation of changes in personal values' hierarchy due to
discussion and in different groups of participants. These changes in
preferences are interpreted as the consequences of comprehension of personal
senses by a person and as the discriminants of
special learning activity aimed at the under-standing of the reasons for made
choices.
Age-specific changes in genotype-environment
connections to mental abilities
M. S. Egorova, N. M. Zyryanova, S. D. Piyankova
The results of longitudinal twin study are presented. MZ and DZ twins
were examinated in senior preschool age, after one
year of school education and after three years of school education. The changes
in verbal, non-verbal and general intellect, connected to age, between MZ and
DZ twins were found to depend upon environment rather than upon heredity.
Social conflict resolution:
Towards a person-centered model
The purpose of this article is to share the authors' reflections on the theory and practice of social conflict resolution, within the framework of person-centered approach. Some theoretical considerations, including the usefulness of a more comprehensive model of interpersonal relations, as well as some methodological proposals related to the design, process and differential functions in social conflict resolution projects are tentatively presented.